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SMS ''Ostfriesland'' was the second vessel of the of battleships of the German Imperial Navy. Named for the region of East Frisia, ''Ostfriesland''s keel was laid in October 1908 at the ''Kaiserliche Werft'' dockyard in Wilhelmshaven. She was launched on 30 September 1909 and was commissioned into the fleet on 1 August 1911. The ship was equipped with twelve guns in six twin turrets, and had a top speed of . ''Ostfriesland'' was assigned to the I Battle Squadron of the High Seas Fleet for the majority of her career, including World War I. Along with her three sister ships, , , and , ''Ostfriesland'' participated in all of the major fleet operations of World War I in the North Sea against the British Grand Fleet. This included the Battle of Jutland on 31 May – 1 June 1916, the largest naval battle of the war. The ship also saw action in the Baltic Sea against the Russian Navy. She was present during the unsuccessful first incursion into the Gulf of Riga in August 1915. After the German collapse in November 1918, most of the High Seas Fleet was interned in Scapa Flow during the peace negotiations. The four ''Helgoland''-class ships were allowed to remain in Germany, however, and were therefore spared the destruction of the fleet in Scapa Flow. ''Ostfriesland'' and her sisters were eventually ceded to the victorious Allied powers as war reparations; ''Ostfriesland'' was transferred to the United States Navy. She was sunk during air power trials off the Virginia Capes in July 1921. == Construction == (詳細はcoastal defense ship . The contract for the ship was awarded to the ''Kaiserliche Werft'' (Imperial Dockyard) in Wilhelmshaven under construction number 31. Work began on 19 October 1908 with the laying of her keel, and the ship was launched less than a year later, on 30 September 1909. She was christened by the Princess of Innhausen and Knyphausen, a representative of the oldest East Frisian nobility. Fitting-out, including completion of the superstructure and the installation of armament, lasted until August 1911. ''Ostfriesland'', named for the north-western coastal area of Germany, was commissioned into the High Seas Fleet on 1 August 1911, just under three years from when work commenced, at a cost of 43.579 million gold marks. The ship was long, had a beam of and a draft of , and displaced at full load. She was powered by three 4-cylinder vertical triple expansion steam engines with 15 boilers; each engine drove a four-bladed screw. The ship's engines were rated at and produced a top speed of . ''Ostfriesland'' stored up to of coal, which allowed her to steam for at a speed of . After 1915 the boilers were modified to spray oil on the coal; the ship could carry up to of fuel oil. She had a crew of 42 officers and 1,071 enlisted men. ''Ostfriesland'' was armed with a main battery of twelve 30.5 cm SK L/50 guns in six twin gun turrets, with one turret fore, one aft, and two on each flank of the ship. The ship's secondary armament consisted of fourteen SK L/45 guns and fourteen SK L/45 guns. After 1914, two of the 8.8 cm guns were removed and replaced by 8.8 cm anti-aircraft guns. ''Ostfriesland'' was also armed with six submerged torpedo tubes. Her main armored belt was thick in the central portion, and was composed of Krupp cemented armor (KCA). Her main battery gun turrets were protected by the same thickness of KCA armor on the sides and faces, as well as the barbettes that supported the turrets. ''Ostfriesland''s deck was thick. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「SMS Ostfriesland」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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